Rudraksha Mala Guide – 108+1 Beads, Benefits & How to Use
A Rudraksha mala often looks simple: a strand of natural beads, a larger bead at one end, and sometimes a tassel.
But once you actually sit down to use one, the questions begin.
Why are there 108+1 beads instead of simply 109? What is the extra bead? Where should you start counting? Which finger should move the beads? What happens when you reach the Guru bead? Can the same mala be worn around the neck and used for japa? And does choosing a larger or more expensive Rudraksha make the practice better?
This guide answers those questions without turning mala practice into a list of frightening rules.
A Rudraksha mala is traditionally used for japa — the repetition of a mantra, one bead at a time. The beads keep count so that your attention can stay with the mantra instead of constantly remembering a number.
For many Shiva devotees, that is its real beauty: the mala gives the hands a rhythm while the mind returns, again and again, to the mantra.
Rudraksha Mala: Quick Answer
A traditional full japa mala generally contains:
-
108 counting beads
-
+1 Guru bead, also called the Meru or Sumeru
-
109 physical beads in total, but traditionally described as 108+1 because the extra bead is not part of the mantra count
During japa, begin with the first counting bead beside the Guru bead. Recite your mantra once, move one bead, and continue until all 108 beads have been used.
When you reach the Guru bead again, do not count or cross it. If you want to begin another round, turn the mala around and continue in the opposite direction.
A simple Shiva mantra commonly used with Rudraksha is:
ॐ नमः शिवाय
Om Namah Shivaya
If your Guru has given you a particular mantra or method, that instruction should take priority over a general guide.
What Is a Rudraksha Mala?
A Rudraksha mala is a string of natural Rudraksha seeds used in Hindu and yogic traditions for mantra japa, meditation, prayer and, in many traditions, devotional wearing.
The word japa refers to the repeated recitation or remembrance of a mantra or divine name.
Instead of counting repetitions mentally — 37, 38, 39 — the practitioner moves one bead after each repetition. This removes the arithmetic from the practice and gives the mind more space to remain with the sound, meaning and remembrance of the mantra.
Rudraksha is particularly associated with Lord Shiva, which is why Rudraksha malas are widely used for Shiva-centred spiritual practice.
A mala can also serve as a personal reminder of discipline. When you pick it up at the same time each morning, sit in the same place and begin the same mantra, the physical act itself starts signalling: this is the time to become quiet.
That does not make the mala a magical substitute for practice.
It makes it a tool for practice.
Why Does a Rudraksha Mala Have 108+1 Beads?
This is the question most beginners ask first.
The 108 Beads
The 108 regular beads are counting beads.
One complete repetition of your mantra is performed on each bead. When you have moved through all 108, you have completed one full mala, or one round of 108 mantra repetitions.
The number 108 has a long sacred association across Hindu, yogic and other Indian spiritual traditions.
You will find several traditional explanations for its significance — including references to sacred names, texts, cosmological systems and spiritual symbolism.
It is better not to pretend that one modern explanation is the single historical reason for every tradition.
What is clear in practice is simpler:
108 has become an established sacred count for a complete round of japa.
What Is the “+1” Bead?
The additional bead is commonly called the:
-
Guru bead
-
Meru
-
Sumeru
It is not treated as the 109th mantra-counting bead.
It marks the beginning and completion of a round.
This is why writing 108+1 is more meaningful than simply saying “109 beads.”
The structure is:
108 beads for japa + 1 Guru/Meru bead as the boundary of the round.
The Guru bead is often larger or otherwise visually distinct, making it easy to recognize by touch.
Why Should You Not Cross the Guru or Meru Bead?
When you complete 108 repetitions, your fingers return to the Guru bead.
Traditionally, you stop there.
If you want to continue with another round, turn the mala around and begin again in the reverse direction.
You do not simply cross over the Guru bead.
In traditional explanations, the Meru represents the Guru, spiritual source or summit of the practice. Crossing it is therefore avoided as an expression of respect.
There is also a very practical benefit: the distinct boundary tells you exactly where one round ends.
So the rule is easy to remember:
Reach the Meru → stop → turn the mala → continue back the other way.
How to Use a Rudraksha Mala for Japa
You do not need to be an experienced meditator to begin.
Start simply.
Step 1: Choose Your Mantra
Do not keep changing mantras during the same round.
Choose the mantra you intend to practise.
For Shiva-centred japa, a simple and widely recited mantra is:
ॐ नमः शिवाय
Om Namah Shivaya
If you are practising with a 5 Mukhi Rudraksha according to its traditional Beej Mantra, Mahadev Mala uses:
ॐ ह्रीं नमः
Om Hreem Namah
If your Guru has given you a mantra, use that mantra and follow the method you were taught.
Step 2: Sit Somewhere You Can Remain Undisturbed
You do not need a perfect meditation room.
Choose a clean, quiet place where you can sit comfortably for the duration of your practice.
Keep your back naturally upright rather than rigid.
Many traditional practices prefer facing east or north, but if you have received specific instructions from your Guru or sampradaya, follow them.
More important than endlessly searching for the perfect setup is being able to return to your practice consistently.
Step 3: Find the Guru Bead
Before chanting, identify the larger or distinct Guru/Meru bead.
Do not begin by chanting on it.
Start with the first regular Rudraksha bead immediately beside it.
That bead is count number one.
Step 4: Hold the Mala Correctly
A commonly followed japa method is to hold the mala in the right hand, allowing it to rest over the middle finger.
Use the thumb to move one bead at a time.
Traditionally, the index finger is kept away from the counting beads.
Methods can vary by lineage, so a Guru-given practice should take priority.
Do not grip the mala tightly. Let the movement remain gentle.
Step 5: One Mantra, One Bead
Recite the complete mantra once.
Then move to the next bead.
Again:
one mantra → one bead
Do not move several beads during one recitation simply to finish faster.
The mala is there to support attention, not speed.
Step 6: Complete All 108 Beads
Continue in the same way until you return to the Guru bead.
You have now completed one full mala of 108 repetitions.
Pause for a moment.
There is no need to immediately begin another round unless that is part of your practice.
For a beginner, one attentive round can be more meaningful than several hurried rounds.
Step 7: Turn the Mala for the Next Round
If you want to continue:
-
stop when you reach the Guru bead
-
do not chant on it
-
do not cross over it
-
turn the mala around
-
begin again from the adjacent counting bead
-
continue in the reverse direction
This maintains the traditional 108-bead cycle.
Which Hand Should You Use for Rudraksha Mala Japa?
A widely followed method uses the right hand.
The mala rests on or over the middle finger and the thumb advances the beads.
The index finger is traditionally kept separate from the counting process.
However, japa traditions are not identical everywhere. If you have been initiated into a particular practice, follow your teacher rather than changing your method because of a generic internet article.
For a beginner without a specific lineage instruction, the right-hand, middle-finger-and-thumb method is a straightforward traditional starting point.
Why Is the Index Finger Not Used?
In several traditional explanations, the index finger is symbolically associated with the individual ego or with pointing outward.
For that reason, it is commonly kept away from the mala during japa.
Whether you focus on that symbolism or simply treat it as part of the traditional technique, the practical method remains:
middle finger supports; thumb moves; index finger stays away.
Should You Pull the Beads Toward You or Push Them Away?
In the commonly taught method, each bead is gently drawn toward you with the thumb after completing the mantra.
Do not twist, scrape or force the bead.
Natural Rudraksha has grooves and an irregular surface. A japa mala is meant to be handled repeatedly, so gentle movement is better for both the bead and the thread.
Do You Have to Chant Out Loud?
No.
Japa may be practised in different ways depending on tradition:
-
audibly
-
softly or in a whisper
-
mentally
A beginner may find a soft audible recitation useful because it is easier to notice when the mind has wandered.
As practice develops, some people prefer quieter japa.
There is no benefit in forcing yourself into silent repetition if you are spending the entire round thinking about everything except the mantra.
Choose a method that helps you remain present, or follow the method prescribed by your Guru.
What Are the Traditional Benefits of a Rudraksha Mala?
The benefits associated with Rudraksha mala belong primarily to spiritual and devotional tradition.
They should not be presented as guaranteed medical or financial outcomes.
1. It Helps Maintain a Mantra Count
This is the most direct and practical purpose.
You do not need to keep counting mentally.
The mala does it physically, bead by bead.
That allows more attention to remain with the mantra.
2. It Supports Consistency in Japa
A dedicated mala can make spiritual practice tangible.
Picking it up every morning can become part of a routine, just as sitting in the same place can help establish a meditation habit.
The mala does not create discipline automatically, but it can support the discipline you choose to maintain.
3. It Creates a Rhythm for Meditation
The repeated pattern of mantra and bead movement can give the practice a steady rhythm.
For many practitioners, that rhythm helps reduce the urge to check the time or wonder how many repetitions remain.
4. It Is Traditionally Associated With Shiva Devotion
Rudraksha has a deep devotional association with Lord Shiva.
For a Shiva devotee, using a Rudraksha mala for Om Namah Shivaya can therefore carry both practical and symbolic meaning.
5. It Encourages Mindful Spiritual Practice
A mala can become a reminder to return to prayer, mantra and self-reflection.
Its value is not that wearing or holding a strand automatically changes your life.
Its value lies in how it becomes part of a sincere practice.
Is 5 Mukhi Rudraksha Good for a Japa Mala?
5 Mukhi Rudraksha is one of the most commonly used choices for Rudraksha japa malas.
It has a familiar place in regular Shiva devotion, mantra practice and meditation.
In tradition, Panch Mukhi Rudraksha is associated with Kalagni Rudra, a form of Lord Shiva.
Mahadev Mala's detailed 5 Mukhi Rudraksha Guide explains its traditional significance, mantra, who may wear it and how a single bead differs from a full mala.
For someone who wants a dedicated full-size japa strand, Mahadev Mala's Natural Certified Indonesian 5 Mukhi Rudraksha Japa Mala – 108+1 Beads is made specifically for japa, mantra chanting and meditation.
Single Rudraksha vs 108+1 Rudraksha Mala
These are not competing products. They serve different practical purposes.
Choose a Single Rudraksha If You Mainly Want:
-
a simple pendant for daily wear
-
one prominent natural bead
-
a lighter everyday option
-
a specific Mukhi for your traditional practice
Choose a 108+1 Mala If You Mainly Want:
-
mantra japa
-
an easy way to count 108 repetitions
-
regular meditation practice
-
a traditional full prayer mala
-
a dedicated spiritual practice tool
A full mala is not automatically “more powerful” than a single Rudraksha simply because it contains more beads.
The better choice depends on how you intend to use it.
Indonesian vs Nepali Rudraksha Mala
Both Indonesian and Nepali Rudraksha can be natural Rudraksha, but their physical characteristics often differ.
Indonesian Rudraksha beads are commonly smaller and lighter, which can make a 108-bead strand more manageable for repeated japa and regular use.
Nepali Rudraksha is generally known for larger, more pronounced natural formations. A full 108-bead mala made from larger beads can therefore feel heavier and visually more substantial.
This does not mean that one origin is automatically spiritually superior to the other.
For a japa mala, practical factors such as authenticity, bead size, comfort, construction and how you intend to practise are more useful than choosing purely by country of origin.
If you want to understand the physical differences before buying, read our Nepali vs Indonesian Rudraksha guide.
What Bead Size Is Best for a Rudraksha Mala?
There is no single best size for everyone.
For a 108+1 mala, bead size affects:
-
total weight
-
overall length
-
how easily the beads move through the fingers
-
how the mala feels during longer japa sessions
-
how prominent it looks if worn
Smaller Indonesian beads can make a long mala lighter and easier to handle.
Larger beads provide a more substantial tactile feel but also increase overall size and weight.
Mahadev Mala's current Indonesian 5 Mukhi 108+1 Japa Mala is available in approximately 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm and 10 mm bead-size options.
If your primary purpose is japa, choose a size you can comfortably move bead by bead without tiring your hand.
Do not choose a larger size simply because it appears more expensive or impressive.
Knotted or Unknotted Rudraksha Mala?
Construction matters, especially if you plan to use the mala every day.
A well-made mala should:
-
allow comfortable movement during japa
-
avoid excessive friction between beads
-
use strong thread
-
hold its structure during regular handling
-
avoid putting unnecessary pressure on the natural Rudraksha
Individual knotting or appropriate spacing can help keep beads separated and can reduce the chance of the entire strand scattering if the thread breaks.
Whatever construction you choose, inspect the thread periodically.
A natural Rudraksha can last a long time with sensible care, but thread is still a wearable component and may eventually need replacement.
Can You Wear the Same Rudraksha Mala You Use for Japa?
This depends on the tradition you follow.
Some practitioners wear their Rudraksha mala as well as use it for spiritual practice.
Others prefer to keep a dedicated japa mala exclusively for mantra and use a separate Rudraksha for everyday wearing.
There is no need to pretend that every lineage follows exactly the same rule.
If you want your japa mala to remain a dedicated practice object, keep it separately in a clean mala bag or spiritual space when it is not being used.
If you wear Rudraksha daily, the care requirements become especially important.
For bathing, sleeping, gym, food, menstruation, chemicals and other everyday questions, see our detailed Rudraksha Wearing Rules: Do's & Don'ts for Daily Wear.
How to Start Using a New Rudraksha Mala
If the mala is new, you can begin with a simple Shiva-centred practice.
-
Bathe and wear clean clothes.
-
Sit in a clean, peaceful place.
-
Gently cleanse the Rudraksha according to your tradition.
-
Place the mala in your puja space.
-
Remember Lord Shiva.
-
Chant Om Namah Shivaya.
-
Begin your regular japa practice.
Monday morning is traditionally considered auspicious by many Shiva devotees, but the exact first-wearing or first-use practice can differ by family, Guru and sampradaya.
We have covered the full process separately in Rudraksha Kaise Pehne? Complete Vidhi, Mantra & Best Day.
Read that guide if your question is about purification, first wearing, mantra, best day or initial puja rather than the japa technique itself.
How Many Rounds of Japa Should a Beginner Do?
Do not begin by setting a number so large that you abandon the practice after three days.
A full 108-bead round is a natural daily target for someone comfortable with japa.
If you are completely new, you can first learn the mantra and bead movement without rushing.
Then work toward one attentive full round.
If your Guru has prescribed a particular number of malas per day, follow that practice.
The useful principle for a beginner is:
regular practice is more sustainable than occasional excess.
One calm round every day can build a stronger habit than many hurried rounds performed only when you feel motivated.
How Long Does 108 Mantra Japa Take?
There is no fixed time because mantras differ in length and people chant at different natural speeds.
A short mantra such as Om Namah Shivaya may allow one full mala to be completed relatively quickly, while a longer mantra naturally takes more time.
Do not use someone else's stopwatch as the standard for your practice.
The goal is not to break a speed record.
Complete the mantra properly before moving the next bead.
Can You Use a Rudraksha Mala for Om Namah Shivaya?
Yes. Om Namah Shivaya is a natural choice for Shiva-centred Rudraksha japa.
The practice is simple:
ॐ नमः शिवाय
Om Namah Shivaya
Chant once on the first bead.
Move to the next.
Continue through all 108 counting beads.
Stop when you reach the Guru bead.
If continuing, reverse the mala rather than crossing the Guru bead.
Can You Use a Rudraksha Mala for Maha Mrityunjaya Mantra?
Rudraksha malas are also traditionally used for Shiva mantras including the Maha Mrityunjaya Mantra.
Because the mantra is longer, one round naturally takes more time than a short Panchakshara-based practice.
If you are undertaking a specific number of Maha Mrityunjaya repetitions for a religious observance, sankalp or Guru-directed practice, follow the instructions of the priest or teacher guiding that practice.
Avoid treating mantra counts as a substitute for professional medical care when health concerns are involved.
Can You Use a Rudraksha Mala for Meditation Without Mantra?
A mala is primarily a counting tool for japa, but it may also be incorporated into a broader meditation routine.
For example, you might begin with one round of mantra and then sit quietly for a few minutes.
If you are practising a meditation method taught by a specific school or teacher, follow that method rather than adding mala counting where it was not prescribed.
Can You Count 27 or 54 Instead of 108?
Shorter malas and shorter counting practices are also found.
Mathematically:
-
27 × 4 = 108
-
54 × 2 = 108
A full 108-bead mala remains the standard form discussed in this guide.
If your practice specifically uses a 27- or 54-bead mala, multiple rounds can be used to reach 108 repetitions.
Just as with a 108+1 mala, the marker or Guru bead is not treated as an ordinary counting bead.
How to Care for a Rudraksha Japa Mala
A mala used every day receives a lot of handling.
Care does not need to be complicated.
Keep It Away From Chemicals
Avoid direct contact with:
-
soap
-
shampoo
-
perfume
-
detergents
-
cosmetic chemicals
-
chlorinated swimming-pool water
Avoid Prolonged Moisture
If the mala becomes wet, wipe it gently and allow it to dry naturally.
Do not leave a natural Rudraksha strand damp inside a closed pouch.
Handle the Thread Carefully
Do not yank the mala or pull it sharply while moving beads.
Check periodically for worn thread, loose knots or stressed fittings.
Store It Clean and Dry
A dedicated cloth pouch, mala bag or clean spiritual space is better than throwing the mala loose into a drawer with keys, coins or cosmetics.
Do Not Over-Clean It
Rudraksha is a natural seed, not polished metal jewellery.
Aggressive scrubbing and repeated chemical cleaning are unnecessary.
For broader daily-wear care questions, refer to our complete Rudraksha Wearing Rules guide.
How to Check Whether a Rudraksha Mala Is Original
A 108+1 mala requires the same care in authenticity as an individual bead — perhaps more, because you are buying an entire strand.
Do not rely on viral home tests alone.
When choosing a Rudraksha mala, check:
-
whether the Rudraksha is natural
-
whether the Mukhi formation is genuine
-
whether the origin is stated clearly
-
whether the bead count is clearly described
-
whether the Guru bead is identified
-
whether natural variation is acknowledged
-
whether the seller provides meaningful authenticity documentation
-
whether the product page makes realistic rather than guaranteed claims
If you are unfamiliar with natural Rudraksha features, read Original Rudraksha Kaise Pehchane? Real vs Fake.
Mahadev Mala's 5 Mukhi Indonesian Japa Mala uses 108 natural counting beads + 1 Guru bead and is supplied with an independent laboratory certificate. You can also review Mahadev Mala's Certification & Authenticity process before purchasing.
What to Look for When Buying a 108+1 Rudraksha Mala
A good mala should make you want to use it, not merely photograph it.
Before buying, consider these points.
Correct Bead Count
For a traditional full japa mala, confirm that the listing clearly states 108+1 rather than using vague wording.
Natural Rudraksha
Look for natural bead texture and Mukhi formation rather than demanding machine-like visual perfection.
Natural beads vary.
Comfortable Size
A large bead may look impressive but become tiring during 108 repetitions.
Choose according to use.
Strong Construction
Thread and knots matter because a japa mala is handled repeatedly.
Clear Origin
The seller should tell you whether the Rudraksha is Nepali, Indonesian or another stated origin.
Certification
Understand what documentation is actually being provided rather than relying only on the word “certified.”
Realistic Claims
Be cautious of promises that a mala will guarantee wealth, cure disease, fix relationships or produce a particular result within a certain number of days.
Spiritual products should not be sold through fear or guaranteed outcomes.
Common Rudraksha Mala Mistakes
Mistake 1: Counting the Guru Bead
The Guru/Meru bead marks the boundary.
It is not part of the 108 mantra count.
Mistake 2: Crossing the Guru Bead
When you reach it, turn the mala and continue in the reverse direction.
Mistake 3: Moving Beads Before Finishing the Mantra
Complete one full repetition first.
Then advance one bead.
Mistake 4: Racing Through 108
The point is not to finish before the timer.
Let the mantra set the pace.
Mistake 5: Using the Index Finger in a Tradition That Avoids It
In the commonly followed japa method, the middle finger supports the mala and the thumb moves the beads while the index finger stays away.
Mistake 6: Buying Only by Bead Size
Large does not automatically mean better for japa.
Comfort matters.
Mistake 7: Ignoring the Thread
People often inspect every Rudraksha but forget the part holding all 109 beads together.
Check the construction.
Mistake 8: Expecting the Mala to Do the Practice for You
A Rudraksha mala can support focus, counting and spiritual discipline.
You still have to sit down and chant.
A Simple Daily Rudraksha Mala Practice
If you are beginning, keep the routine uncomplicated.
Before Japa
Sit in your regular place.
Take a few calm breaths.
Remember Lord Shiva or your Ishta Devata.
During Japa
Begin beside the Guru bead.
Chant one mantra per bead.
Move gently.
Do not rush.
At 108
Stop at the Guru bead.
Take a moment before deciding whether to continue.
After Japa
Sit quietly for a minute or two instead of immediately checking your phone.
Store the mala respectfully if you do not wear it.
A practice that fits into real life has a better chance of becoming a lifelong practice.
Frequently Asked Questions About Rudraksha Mala
How many beads are in a Rudraksha mala?
A traditional full japa mala commonly has 108 counting beads plus one Guru or Meru bead, written as 108+1. Physically there are 109 beads, but the Guru bead is not included in the mantra count.
Why does Rudraksha mala have 108 beads?
108 is a sacred and established japa count across Indian spiritual traditions. A full mala allows 108 mantra repetitions without requiring the practitioner to count mentally.
What is the 109th bead in a Rudraksha mala?
It is the Guru bead, also called Meru or Sumeru. It marks the beginning and end of a round and is not counted as an ordinary japa bead.
Do you cross the Guru bead?
Traditionally, no. When you reach the Guru bead after 108 repetitions, turn the mala around and continue in the opposite direction if you want another round.
Which finger is used for Rudraksha mala?
A commonly followed method rests the mala on the middle finger and uses the thumb to move the beads. The index finger is traditionally kept away. Practices may differ by lineage.
Which hand should hold a Rudraksha mala?
The right hand is commonly used in traditional japa practice. Follow your Guru's instructions if your lineage teaches a different method.
Which mantra can I chant with a Rudraksha mala?
Om Namah Shivaya is commonly used for Shiva-centred Rudraksha japa. Mukhi-specific Beej Mantras or a Guru-given mantra may also be used.
Is 5 Mukhi Rudraksha good for japa?
Yes. 5 Mukhi Rudraksha is one of the most commonly used varieties for regular japa, meditation and Shiva devotion.
Can women use a Rudraksha mala?
Yes. Rudraksha mala is used by both men and women. Specific devotional customs may differ between traditions.
Can beginners use a Rudraksha mala?
Yes. A beginner can start with a simple mantra and learn one-bead-per-mantra counting. There is no need to begin with many rounds.
Can I wear my japa mala around my neck?
Some traditions allow the same Rudraksha mala to be worn, while others keep a dedicated japa mala separate. Follow your own Guru or sampradaya if you have specific instructions.
Can I sleep with a Rudraksha mala?
Practices vary, and a long 108-bead mala can also be physically awkward during sleep. For detailed sleeping and daily-wear guidance, see Rudraksha Wearing Rules: Do's & Don'ts.
How should I begin using a new Rudraksha mala?
You may gently cleanse it, place it in your puja space, remember Lord Shiva and begin with Om Namah Shivaya or your chosen mantra. For the complete first-wearing method, see Rudraksha Kaise Pehne? Complete Vidhi, Mantra & Best Day.
Is Indonesian Rudraksha good for a 108-bead mala?
Its generally smaller, lighter beads can make Indonesian Rudraksha practical for a full 108+1 japa strand. Authenticity, comfort and construction matter more than assuming one origin is automatically spiritually superior.
Does a Rudraksha mala guarantee spiritual or health benefits?
No specific outcome should be guaranteed. Rudraksha is an article of spiritual faith and a traditional aid to practices such as japa and meditation. It is not a replacement for medical treatment, professional advice or personal effort.
The Real Purpose of 108 Beads
It is easy to become fascinated by the number 108.
It is easy to compare bead sizes, count Mukhis, debate origins and search for increasingly elaborate rules.
But when you sit down with a mala, its purpose becomes much simpler.
One bead asks for one mantra.
Then the next bead asks for the mantra again.
And again.
By the time you return to the Guru bead, you have spent an entire round returning your attention to the same sacred sound.
That repeated return is the practice.
The Rudraksha does not chant for you. The number 108 does not create discipline for you. The Guru bead does not force the mind to become still.
The mala simply gives your practice a form you can hold in your hand.
If you are looking for a natural full japa strand, explore the 5 Mukhi Rudraksha Japa Mala – Natural Certified Indonesian Rudraksha (108+1 Beads).
Om Namah Shivaya.
Disclaimer: Rudraksha is a natural spiritual product and an article of faith within Hindu and Vedic traditions. Japa methods, wearing practices and spiritual customs can vary between Gurus, sampradayas, families and regions. Traditional spiritual or astrological benefits described in this article are provided for educational and devotional information and are not scientifically proven. Rudraksha and mantra practice do not diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease, and no specific medical, financial or personal outcome is guaranteed.
